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Exosome Preparation from Urine

1. Collect urine in sterile 50-ml plastic centrifuge tubes containing 4.2 ml of a proteinase inhibitor mixture
2. Mix and centrifuge at 17,000 x g for 15 min at 4°C to remove whole cells, large membrane fragments, and other debris
3. Centrifuge at 200,000 x g for 1 h at 4°C to obtain a low-density membrane pellet (exosome)